Prosthetic rehabilitation of patients treated for head and neck cancers using dental implants is a challenging task. To explore the literature concerning the effectiveness and success of implant rehabilitation in irradiated patients. Research was conducted on MEDLINE via PubMed. The MeSH keywords used were «Radiotherapy»[MeSH], »Dental Implants» [MeSH], «Treatment Outcome»[MeSH], and «Osseointegration»[MeSH]. A combination of these words gave three Boolean equations: («Radiotherapy» [MeSH]) AND «Dental Implants» [MeSH]), («Radiotherapy» [MeSH]) AND «Dental Implants» [MeSH] AND «Treatment Outcome» [MeSH]), («Osseointegration» [MeSH]) AND «Dental Implants» [MeSH]) AND «Radiotherapy» [MeSH]). The search on Pub Med combined with a manual search gave 361 articles. After the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 articles were retained and analysed. The selected articles presented different types of studies. The total number of patients in the selected articles was 16994. All these patients were treated with radiotherapy and variable doses ranging from 50 to 65 Gy. The implant rehabilitation is practised either at the time of the ablative surgery of the tumour, before the radiotherapy, or after the radiotherapy, with a respected time limit between the irradiation procedure and implant surgery. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was used in most of the retained articles. The success of implant therapy reached 100% in the majority of cases. Radiotherapy is no longer concerned as a contraindication to implant therapy. It is practised more and more often these days but it is necessary to ensure good follow-up of patients to avoid any risk of osteoradionecrosis, which leads to the loss of implants.