Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are conditions characterized by dysfunction of the temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles, leading to a variety of pain-related symptoms. According to the definition provided in “The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms 2023”, TMD includes conditions that may result from nerve irritation as well as anatomical changes within the joint. The growing interest in TMD in the medical literature stems from its high prevalence and its significant impact on patients’ quality of life. The aim of this review is to examine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and chewing gum habits, as well as the potential association between them, the understanding of which may aid in identifying at-risk groups and minimizing the adverse consequences of these disorders. A systematic search of international databases such as Medline/PubMed and Cochrane was conducted to identify studies addressing the relationship between TMD and gum chewing. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to enable the selection of relevant studies. The search initially identified 1,631 articles. After removing outdated publications and duplicates, 582 articles remained. Following a review of titles and abstracts, 21 articles were selected for detailed analysis. The results indicate variation in the prevalence of TMD and gumchewing habits relative to factors such as country, age and gender. Temporomandibular disorders are complex conditions with multifactorial aetiology. Gum chewing, as a type of oral parafunctions, may contribute to the development of TMD; however, further research is needed to more precisely define this relationship. It is important to further the undertanding of the biomechanism of chewing and its impact on the health of TMJ.