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RESEARCH PAPER
Occurrence of risk factors for oral mucosa candidiasis and their frequency – retrospective analysis
 
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1
Katedra i Klinika Periodontologii i Chorób Błony Śluzowej Jamy Ustnej, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Polska
 
2
Zakład Biostatystyki i Sieci Neuronowych, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Polska
 
 
Submission date: 2020-04-24
 
 
Final revision date: 2020-06-24
 
 
Acceptance date: 2020-08-31
 
 
Publication date: 2020-09-05
 
 
Corresponding author
Mariusz Bochniak   

Katedra i Klinika Periodontologii i Chorób Błony Śluzowej Jamy Ustnej, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Orzeszkowej 18, 80-208, Gdańsk, Polska
 
 
Prosthodontics 2020;70(3):289-303
 
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ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Candidiasis is one of the most common diseases of oral mucosa. It affects all age groups, in particular the elderly population. Yeast-like fungi are constituants of natural oral microflora. A number of risk factors are known to contribute to the clinically overt infection, both local and systemic, which disrupts the biological balance of the oral environment.

Aim of the study:
To perform a retrospective assessment of the frequency of occurrence of potential risk factors for fungal infection among patients diagnosed with oral candidiasis.

Material and methods:
The study group consisted of 228 people (152 women, 76 men), on average aged 60.9 ± 13.5 years, diagnosed with candidiasis of oral mucosa. A retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted, taking into account the data from the medical interview and physical examination, which concerned potential risk factors for fungal infections.

Results:
Candidiasis was diagnosed almost twice as often in women as in men. Only in about 8% of cases no recognized risk factors for fungal infection were found. The dominant risk factor was the use of removable dentures (65.35% of patients). Diseases associated with potential disorders of immunity were found in 25% of cases. There were no significant gender differences related to the prevalence of the analysed factors, with the exception of nicotine addiction, observed significantly more frequently in men.

Conclusions:
As far as the reduction of the incidence of fungal infections is concerned, the important issue is increasing multi-specialist dental care for patients using removable prosthetic restorations, also taking into account the frequent co-occurrence of xerostomia.

eISSN:2391-601X
ISSN:0033-1783
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